Undergraduate Courses in Biological Sciences
1A-B Life Sciences (4-4) F, W, S. Lecture, three hours. A two-quarter integrated sequence designed to introduce nonmajors to the basic concepts of modern biology. 1A: Discussion of evolutionary biology, ecology, molecular biology, and genetics. 1B: Cell and behavioral biology including plant structure and function, photosynthesis, and animal physiology. Prerequisite for 1B: Biological Sciences 1A. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
2A Freshman Seminars (1). Lecture, one hour; seminar, one hour. Weekly meetings consisting of presentations by faculty, professional staff, and New Student Peer Academic Advisors provide information about the School of Biological Sciences, campus resources, and special programs/opportunities. Pass/Not Pass only. Open to freshman Biological Sciences majors only.
2B Freshman Seminar (1). Seminar, one hour. Faculty presentations and readings focused on the structure, function, opportunities, and current issues in the biological sciences. Pass/Not Pass only. Open to freshmen only.
3A Career Decision Making (0). Lecture, one hour. An introductory course designed to facilitate the career decision-making process. Decision-making processes, values, and standardized tests of aptitudes, interests, and values are utilized with non-test data in appraising biological sciences career options. Pass/Not Pass only. One unit of workload credit only.
3B Non-Health Sciences Career Exploration (0). Lecture, one hour. A survey course designed to assist students in exploring non-health science career options. Lectures by professionals in various fields. Students are required to investigate one area of particular interest and do a career observation. Pass/Not Pass only. One unit of workload credit only. Open to sophomore, junior, or senior Biological Sciences majors only.
4 Introduction to Biomedical Research and Careers (0). A seminar series for students interested in careers in the biological sciences and medicine. Presents a broad view of research areas, experimental approaches, clinical and industrial applications, issues of national health policies and economics, career paths in the biomedical sciences. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. One unit of workload credit only.
5 Introduction to Molecular Biology (4). Lecture, three hours. Molecules of life, with emphasis on medical applications. Open to nonmajors only. No credit given for Biological Sciences 5 if taken after Biological Sciences 99. (II)
6 Tropical Biology: Race to Save the Tropics (4). Lecture, three hours. Population growth combines with tropical resource consumption by industrialized nations to cause high rates of deforestation, pollution, habitat fragmentation, and extinction of species. Discusses tropical biomes, their population, community, and ecosystem processes, and possible means of conservation of biodiversity. (II)
7 Biostatistics (4) S. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Motivated by specific biological and medical issues, this course teaches introductory statistical techniques to investigate real-world experimental data from the health sciences, molecular, cellular, environmental, and evolutionary biology. Biological Sciences 7 and Mathematics 7 may not both be taken for credit. No credit for Biological Sciences 7 if taken after Mathematics 67. (V)
8A Human Genetics (4) S. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. This survey course in human genetics includes an introduction to basic genetic concepts including family studies, chromosomes, molecular genetics of human disease, and an analysis of the Human Genome Project. Special emphasis is given to ethical and social issues. (II)
9A Nutrition Science (4) F, W, S. Lecture, three hours. An introduction to nutrition science, integrating concepts from biology, biochemistry, microbiology, physiology, and psychology to explain the interaction between nutrients and the human body. Biological basis of nutrient standards is analyzed. Effects of nutrition, behavior, exercises on health/disease. (II)
9B Biology and Chemistry of Food and Cooking (4) W. Lecture, three hours. The kitchen is used as a laboratory to introduce fundamental principles of biology, chemistry, and physics. A molecular/cellular analysis of cooking, including concepts such as protein structure, browning reactions, colloids, emulsions, carbohydrate metabolism, and development of flavor/texture through biochemical transformations. (II)
9C Biotech Basics (4). Lecture, three hours. An overview of current biotechnology. Discusses the biological/molecular basis of novel therapies for diseases, modification of human genes, human genome project, cloning, DNA fingerprinting, and genetically modified food. Targeted for students interested in modern breakthroughs in biology. (II)
9D Diseases of the Twenty-First Century (4) F, S. Why do we get sick? An introduction to the biological basis of human disease, including diseases of the cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, and reproductive systems. Case studies present diagnosis, treatment, and prevention protocols. Inheritable and infectious diseases also discussed. (II)
9E Horticulture Science (4). Lecture, two hours; laboratory two hours; field work, one weekend day per quarter. Scientific principles of horticulture at the UCI Arboretum. Taxonomy, plant life history strategies; experiments with seed dormancy; morphological adaptations for specialized sexual and clonal reproduction; basics of plant propagation and ecological restoration. Laboratory fee. (II)
9F Current Issues in Biology: A Problem-Based Learning Approach (4). Students explore in-depth several complex biological and interdisciplinary issues using problem-based learning. The main techniques for learning course material are group discussion, research, projects, and presentations. Attendance and group participation are mandatory. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 1A-B or Biological Sciences 94 and 96. (II)
9G Way Your Body Works (4). An introduction to the basic mechanisms that control the organ systems of the human body, including the nervous, cardiovascular, immune, and reproductive systems. Emphasis is on how the body works normally, but includes how these processes fail in disease. (II)
9J Biology of Oriental Medicine (4). With lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on learning, the theory and practice of herbal medicine, acupuncture, qigong, and manipulative therapies are explained in Western biomedical terms. The latest basic and clinical research advances in each area are also described. Biological Sciences 9J and 9H may not both be taken for credit.
10 The Biology of Human Diseases (4). Lecture, three hours. Introduction to concepts of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of major human infectious diseases. Covers some aspects of epidemiology. Scope and impact of infectious diseases in the present and past experiences in controlling infectious disease. Reviews the biology of human organ systems. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
11 Topics in Biological Sciences (4) F, W, S. Studies in selected areas of biological sciences. May be taken for credit three times as topics vary. (II)
12A Human Reproduction and Development (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Provides detailed insight into human reproduction and development. Reproductive topics include anatomy/physiology of the adult reproductive systems, infertility, and STDs. Development topics include gamete formation, fertilization, fetal development, and birth. Human genetic diseases and developmental disorders also discussed. (II)
12B Disease and Civilization (4) S. Lecture, three hours. To demonstrate the role played by infectious diseases on the development of human civilization. The psychological impact of major epidemic diseases upon society and culture. Starting with early hunting and gathering cultures through the effect of AIDS in the modern world. (II)
12C Neurobiology of Behavior (4). Lecture, three hours. Examines how animals ranging from insects to mammals have evolved neural solutions to specific problems posed by their environments. Principles derived from research findings draw on the fields of animal behavior, cellular physiology, anatomy, genetics, and molecular biology. (II)
12D Molecular Basis of Human Disease (4). Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Introduction to the concepts of the cellular and molecular basis, treatment, and diagnosis of human disease. Diseases resulting from infectious agents such as virus, bacteria, protozoan and metazoan animals, and diseases resulting from genetic disorders discussed in context of molecular mechanisms. (II)
15 Botany (4) F. Lecture, three hours. Structure and function of flowering plants related to their roles in ecology and human needs. (II)
20 California Natural History (4) F. Lecture, three hours. Introduction to ecological relationships within a variety of California habitats. Explores aspects of the physical environments and the adaptations of organisms to their physical and biological surroundings in habitats such as the coastal zone, mountains, and deserts. (II)
25 Biology of Cancer (4) W. Lecture, four hours. Biological, clinical, and psychosocial nature of cancer through the perspectives of medical researchers, biologists, physicians, and health educators. For students of all majors, designed so that each can increase personal awareness of the biology of cancer.
30 Biomedical Ethics (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Ethical issues inherent in twenty-first-century biological and medical advances. An introduction to the basic biology underlying these issues and an analysis of the ethical implications to society. Topics such as cloning, stem cell research, genetic engineering are discussed by guest speakers.
35 The Brain and Behavior (4). Lecture, three hours. Introduction to how the brain works. Biological processes underlying perception, movement, sleep-wake cycles, motivation, language, learning, and memory. Changes in the brain associated with sex differences, drug use, aging, seasons, and time of day. Fundamental properties of the nervous system. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
36 Drugs and the Brain (4). Lecture, three hours. Introduction to the actions of drugs on the brain. How studying drug action helps to reveal normal functions of neurons. How drugs can correct neural disorders or disrupt neural function. Biological issues related to drug abuse, drug addiction, and drug seeking. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
37 Brain Dysfunction and Repair (4). Lecture, three hours. Introduction to the disruptions in brain function that underlie disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsonism, schizophrenia, and depression, and the basis for drug therapies. The brain's ability to repair itself after damage and the pros and cons of that repair. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
38 Mind, Memory, Amnesia, and the Brain (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Introduction to neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory. Emphasis on molecular changes that mediate memory as well as structures involved in different forms of memory. Additionally, the biology of memory phenomena, from extraordinary memory to false memory to amnesia is examined. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
45 AIDS Fundamentals (4) F, W. Lecture, three hours. Considers the biological and sociological bases of the AIDS epidemic. Topics include the history of AIDS, current medical knowledge, transmission, risk reduction, and how the community can respond. Same as Environmental Analysis and Design E45U and Psychology and Human Behavior P45. (II)
46 Discussion and Literature Research in AIDS (2 to 4) F, W. Discussion, two hours; research, two hours. Students carry out two activities: (1) leading discussions about HIV/AIDS (predominantly regarding sociological and personal reactions) among students taking the AIDS Fundamentals course and (2) literature research about biomedical aspects of AIDS. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 45 or Psychology and Social Behavior P45 or Environmental Analysis and Design E45U; consent of instructor.
50 The Biology of Heart Disease (4) S. Lecture, four hours. Guest lecturers from the field of cardiovascular medicine discuss current concepts regarding cause, diagnosis, and treatment of heart disease. Topics include surgery, rehabilitation, and congenital defects, with emphasis on prevention.
55 Introduction to Ecology (4). Lecture, three hours. Principles of ecology; application to populations, communities, ecosystems, and humans. Open to nonmajors only. No credit given for Biological Sciences 55 if taken after Biological Sciences 96. (II)
65 Biodiversity and Conservation (4) W. Lecture, three hours. A biological perspective on the current environmental crisis. The origin, evolution, and value of biological diversity. Extinction and depletion caused by overexploitation, habitat loss, and pollution. Conservation through habitat preservation and restoration, captive breeding, cryopreservation. (II)
75 Human Development: Conception to Birth (4) W, S. Lecture, three hours. Processes leading to the birth of a healthy child and the avoidance of birth defects. Male and female reproductive systems, hormonal control of egg-sperm formations, sexual intercourse, contraception, venereal diseases, fertilization, cell division, embryonic development, fetal physiology. Open to nonmajors only. (II)
H90 The Idiom and Practice of Science (4). The importance of biological sciences in our world are discussed. Topics may include brain and behavior, health and disease, genetics and society, and conservation biology. A primary goal is to encourage students to understand better the world in which they live. Prerequisite: restricted to members of the Campuswide Honors Program. (II)
92 Special Group Activities F, W, S.
Sec. 1A Health Sciences Experience, Medicine, and Allied Health (0). Opportunities to observe or participate in various health fields. Specific number of hours per quarter of volunteer work with approved health professionals. Passing contingent on completion of minimum specified hours with satisfactory evaluation. Fields include veterinary and human medicine, and allied health. Pass/Not Pass only. Prerequisites: consent of instructor and minimum third-quarter freshman standing. May be repeated.
Sec. 1B Health Sciences Experience, Dentistry (0). Description same as Sec. 1A. Pass/Not Pass only. Prerequisites: consent of instructor and minimum third-quarter freshman standing. May be repeated.
Sec. 1C Health Sciences Experience, Optometry (0). Description same as Sec. 1A. Pass/Not Pass only. Prerequisites: consent of instructor and minimum third-quarter freshman standing. May be repeated.
Sec. 3 Reading, Writing, and Reasoning for Health Science (4) F, W, S. Designed to strengthen biology students' reading, writing, and critical thinking skills to ensure their success at the University and to prepare them for graduate study in medicine, dentistry, optometry, or public health. Pass/Not Pass only. Open to Biological Sciences majors only.
Sec. 5 Curriculum (2). Initiation, planning, and coordination of student-run courses. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. May be repeated for a total of eight units. Pass/Not Pass only.
190 Transfer Student Seminars (1). Lecture, one hour; seminar, one hour. Weekly meetings consisting of presentations by faculty, professional staff, and New Student Peer Academic Advisors provide information about the School of Biological Sciences, campus resources, and special programs/ opportunities. Pass/Not Pass only. Open to new transfer students only.
CORE CURRICULUM
Prerequisites listed for Core courses are rigorously enforced. (Transfer students who have successfully completed one or more years of college biology should consult with the Biological Sciences Student Affairs Office for possible exemption from portions of the Core.)
93 From DNA to Organisms (4) F. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Cell biology, biochemistry, genetics, and the biology of organ systems. Covers concepts of building blocks (nucleotides, amino acids, and cells) and of information flow (DNA to proteins, receptors to nuclei, the blood to distant organs, and DNA to offspring). No credit given for Biological Sciences 93 if taken after Biological Sciences 97 and/or 98. (II)
94 From Organisms to Ecosystems (4) F. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Patterns of diversity, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Emphasis is on the Tree of Life and how its members are distributed and interact. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 93. No credit given for Biological Sciences 1A if taken after Biological Sciences 94. (II)
97 Genetics (4) F. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Introduction to genetics. Basic features of the replication and expression of DNA; cell division; and gene transmission. Recombination and mutation in diploid organisms. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 96.
98 Biochemistry (4) W. Lecture, three hours. Structure and properties of proteins; major biochemical pathways and mechanisms for their control. Prerequisites: completion of Biological Sciences 97 and completion of or concurrent enrollment in Chemistry 51B or 52B.
99 Molecular Biology (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Biochemistry and replication of nucleic acids; molecular genetics; protein biosynthesis; genetic code; regulation of expression of genetic information; biochemical evolution. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 98.
100L Experimental Biology Laboratory (4) F, S. Lecture, one hour; laboratory, three hours. Basic experimental design, laboratory techniques, data gathering skills, and analysis and preservation of data for a variety of areas of inquiry in the biological sciences. Prerequisites: current enrollment in or completion of Biological Sciences 97 and 194S; satisfactory completion of the lower-division writing requirement.
103 Cell Biology (4) F, W. Analysis of the basic structure and function of animal cells, with an emphasis on the regulation of cellular processes. The basic features of membranes, cellular compartmentalization, protein trafficking, vesicular transport, cytoskeleton, adhesion, signal transduction, and cell cycle are covered. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 99. Biological Sciences 103 and 107 may not both be taken for credit.
104 Developmental Biology (4) F, W. Cellular and molecular analysis of how a fertilized egg develops into an organism consisting of complex structures such as the eye, arms, and brain. Emphasis is on the key concepts of developmental processes underlying pattern formation, growth, and regeneration. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 99. Biological Sciences 104 and 108 may not both be taken for credit.
105 Cell, Developmental, and Molecular Biology of Plants (4) S. Emphasizes the special features of plant cells and plant development as compared to animals. Plants' ability to fuel our planet through photosynthesis and the interactions of plants with microorganisms in making nitrogen available to other life forms are two central topics. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 99.
106 Processes in Ecology and Evolution (4) F, S. An in-depth study of the mechanisms that drive evolution and ecology including: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, speciation, extinction, life history patterns, population dynamics, ecosystem and community structure, predator-prey and host pathogen interactions, and social behavior. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 93. May be used as a course repeat of Biological Sciences 96. Biological Sciences 106 and 96 may not both be taken for credit.
109 Human Physiology (4) F, W. Lecture, three hours. Functional features of the major organ systems in the human body. Emphasis on homeostasis and the interactions of organ systems in health and disease. (Discussion of behavior and brain function deferred to Biological Sciences 110.) Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 99.
110 Neurobiology and Behavior (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Consideration of the evolution of behavior, including ethological and psychological aspects and analysis of neuroanatomical, neurochemical, neurophysiological, and neuroendocrine systems underlying basic behavioral processes. Corequisite or prerequisite: Biological Sciences 99.
UPPER-DIVISION LABORATORIES
Biological Sciences 100L or 166, and 194S are prerequisites for the following upper-division laboratories. Students who choose to complete a specialization must take the core laboratory indicated in the list which appears in the degree requirements section.
111L Developmental and Cell Biology Laboratory (3) F, W, S. Laboratory, four hours. Students study the division of cells, isolate cellular organelles (chloroplasts, mitochchondria, nuclei), and follow protein changes in cells undergoing programmed cell death. Development is demonstrated in experiments showing cooperation of individual cells in forming a multicellular organism. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 100L and 194S; concurrent enrollment in or completion of Biological Sciences 103.
112L Physiology Laboratory (3) F, W, S. Laboratory, four hours. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 100L, 109, and 194S.
113L Neurobiology Laboratory (3) F, S. Laboratory, four hours. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 100L and 194S; concurrent enrollment in or completion of Biological Sciences 110.
114L Biochemistry Laboratory (4) F, W, S. Laboratory, four hours. Properties of enzymes and the culture and isolation of mutants of microorganisms. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 99, 100L, and 194S.
115L Evolution Laboratory (4) S. Laboratory, seven hours. Students perform experiments which illustrate important concepts in evolutionary biology such as natural selection, random genetic drift, inbreeding, age-specific selection, sexual selection, and phylogenetic reconstruction. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 100L, 106, and 194S.
116L Molecular Biology Laboratory (4) F, W, S, Summer. Laboratory, four hours. Students perform experiments which illustrate the chemical and biological properties of nucleic acids. Emphasis is placed on recent techniques in recombinant DNA technology including gene isolation and characterization. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 99, 100L, and 194S.
121L Advanced Immunology Laboratory (4) S. Laboratory, four hours. Emphasis is placed on learning modern techniques in immunology such as ELISAs, western blotting, immunofluorescent staining assays. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 116L and 121; consent of instructor. Concurrent with Molecular Biology and Biochemistry 221L.
122L General Microbiology Laboratory (6) F, W, S, Summer. Laboratory, six hours. Selective isolation of wide variety of microbial types. Characterization and identification by morphological and comparative nutritional and biochemical approaches. Industrial, medical, and biological research applications. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 100L and 194S; concurrent enrollment in or completion of Biological Sciences 122.
124L Virus Engineering Laboratory (4) S. Laboratory, four hours. Students learn to engineer recombinant eukaryotic viruses and express genes in mouse tissue. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 116L and 124; consent of instructor. Concurrent with Molecular Biology and Biochemistry 224.
166 Field Methods in Ecology (6) F. Laboratory, eight hours. Field studies of major concepts in plant and animal ecology, with emphasis on experimental design, field sampling methods, statistical analysis, and scientific writing. An independent project and two weekend camping trips are required. Satisfies the upper-division writing requirement with a grade of C or better. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 100L, 106, and 194S, and satisfactory completion of the lower-division writing requirement.
UPPER-DIVISION ELECTIVES
114 Advanced Biochemistry (4) W. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Physical-chemical properties of macromolecules. Structure-function relationships in nucleic acids, protein, carbohydrates, and lipids. Integration and regulation of metabolism. Biochemistry of organs and biochemistry of diseases. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 99.
115 Molecular Motors and the Cytoskeleton (4) S. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Cells use nano-machines (molecular motors) to organize themselves and transport cargo. This interdisciplinary course studies these motors and the rails they move along. Examines their biological function and how they function at the single-molecule level as machines. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 103 or consent of instructor. Concurrent with Developmental and Cell Biology 205.
116 Advanced Molecular Biology (4) S. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Mechanisms of gene expression; special emphasis on regulatory events that occur in Eukaryotic organisms other than initiation of transcription. Chromatin structure and rearrangement, RNA polymerases, cis- and trans-acting elements, RNA processing, transport and stability, protein synthesis, trafficking, and turnover. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 99, and 114L or 116L.
117A Principles of Brain Evolution (4) F. Lecture, two hours; seminar, one hour. Brains obviously differ between different species, yet many commonalities exist. Surveys species similarities and differences in brain organization, then extracts some general principles of how brains evolve. Emphasis placed on vertebrate brains and on the functional implications of neuroanatomical change. Concurrent with Neurobiology and Behavior 243.
118 Terrestrial Ecosystems (4) W. A mechanistic perspective of the structure and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Includes the mechanisms that control plant growth, hydrology and nutrient cycling, and the roles terrestrial ecosystems play in local and global biogeochemistry. Prerequisite: Biology 106 or consent of instructor. Same as Earth System Science 164 and Environmental Analysis and Design E167. Not offered 2004-05.
119 History of Neuroscience (4). Lecture, three hours. An overview of the conceptual and technical foundations of contemporary neuroscience from ancient times to the present. The subjects include synapses, neurons, brain organization, sensory, motor and regulatory systems, learning and memory, human brain function and dysfunction. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 35 or 110; or Social Ecology P115D; or Psychology 9A-B-C or Psychology 156B or consent of instructor; and upper-division standing. Concurrent with Neurobiology and Behavior 255.
120A Signal Transduction in Mammalian Cells (4) F. Lecture, two hours; discussion, .5 hour; quiz, .5 hour. Introduction to major biochemical pathways that transmit information from extracellular cues into changes in cell behavior. Focuses on kinases, phosphateses, G proteins, second messengers, and protein-protein interactions. Includes discussion of primary research articles. Emphasis on scientific reading and writing. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 99; when offered for upper-division writing, satisfaction of the lower-division writing requirement.
121 Immunology with Hematology (4) W, S. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Antibodies, antigens, antigen-antibody reactions, cells and tissues of lymphoreticular and hematopoietic systems, and individual and collective components of cell-mediated and humoral immune response. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 98 or consent of instructor.
122 General Microbiology (4) F, Summer. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Comparative metabolism of small molecules and cell structure and relationship to microbial classification. Macromolecule synthesis and regulation, sporulation, cell division, growth, and effect of antibiotics. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 98.
123A Introduction to Computational Biology (4) S. Lecture, three hours; laboratory, two hours. The use of theories and methods based on computer science, mathematics, and physics in molecular biology and biochemistry. Basics in biomolecular modeling. Analysis of sequence and structural data of biomolecules. Analysis of biomolecular functions. Prerequisites: Mathematics 2D or 2J; Biological Sciences 99. Concurrent with Molecular Biology and Biochemistry 223.
123B Microbial Physiology and Pathology (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Introduction to microbial physiology and the molecular mechanisms of microbial disease pathogenesis. Survey of pathogenic microbes and their medical implications. Prerequisites: Biological Sciences 99; Biological Sciences 122 recommended.
124 Virology (6) F. Lecture, five hours. Infective cycle, growth, reproduction, and host interrelationships of animal viruses. Molecular effects of virus infection in cells and animals and the relation between virus infection and cancer. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 98.
125 Molecular Biology of Cancer (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Consideration of transformation by DNA tumor viruses, RNA tumor viruses, and chemical carcinogens. Prerequisite: concurrent enrollment in Biological Sciences 99 or consent of instructor.
127 Physiological Plant Ecology (4) F. Lecture, three hours. An examination of the interactions between plants and their environment. Emphasis on the underlying physiological mechanisms of plant function, adaptations and responses to stress, and the basis of the distribution of plants and plant assemblages across the landscape. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 106 or consent of instructor. Same as Earth System Science 168.
128 Genetic Engineering (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Basic biochemical and molecular biology of restriction endonucleases. Vectors for recombinant DNA. Cloning of genes. Sequence analysis of genes. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 98; Biological Sciences 99 recommended.
129 Biotechnology and Plant Breeding (4) S. Lecture, three hours. Synopsis of conventional plant breeding techniques, their limitations, and supplementations through modern biotechnology. These new biotechnological methods include steps such as cloning, cell transformation (genetic engineering), and cell fusion. Focuses on crop improvement, the state of the art in animal and human systems, and the impact of gene technology on society. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 91, 94, or consent of instructor.
129L Plant Cell Culture Laboratory (4) W of odd years. Laboratory, 60 hours per quarter, run on two, full three-day weekend sessions which normally will not conflict with other classes. Isolation and culture of plant cells and tissues, i.e., protoplasts, pollen, meristem. Genetics and structural manipulation of cultured cells, i.e., fusion, laser microsurgery, mutation. Regeneration of plants from cultured cells and tissues. Greenhouse experience (propagation, fertilization, grafting). Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 129 or consent of instructor.
130 Photomedicine (4) F. Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Studies the use of optical and engineering-based systems (laser-based) for diagnosis, treating diseases, manipulation of cells and cell function. Physical, optical, and electro-optical principles are explored regarding molecular, cellular, organ, and organism applications. Prerequisites: Physics 3A-B-C or 7A-B-D, or Engineering EECS10, or consent of instructor. Same as Engineering BME135. Formerly Biological Sciences 130A.
