LOWER-DIVISION

1 Languages of the World (4). The world has over 5,000 languages, with an exuberant variety of sounds, words, and grammars. Introduction to a representative selection (about eight), drawn from every continent. Students are not expected to learn these languages, but rather to explore them and study their structure and complexity. (VII-B)

2 Discovering Language (4). Explores language's pervasiveness and diversity; demonstrates ways linguistics illuminates language's crucial—albeit hidden—societal role. Issues: self- and group-identification, language death, language in legal and educational settings. Illustrations: spoken and signed languages, English dialects (including Black English), American Indian languages. (VII-A)

3 Introduction to Linguistics (4). Emphasis on the notion that language is a remarkable achievement of the human mind. Current insights into the nature of language. Survey of various subfields of linguistics. Introduction to linguistic analysis. (III or V)

10 Introduction to Phonology (4). Basic concepts in phonetic description and phonological analysis. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3. (III or V)

20 Introduction to Syntax (4). Basic concepts in syntactic description and grammatical analysis. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3. (III or V)

51 Acquisition of Language (4). What children say, what they mean, and what they understand. Theories about the learning of language by one-, two-, and three-year olds. Comparison of kinds of data on which these theories are based. Same as Psychology 56L. (III)

68 Introduction to Language and Culture (4). Explores what the study of language can reveal about ourselves as bearers of culture. After introducing some basic concepts, examines how cultural knowledge is linguistically organized and how language might shape our perception of the world. Same as Anthropology 2D. (III)

80 Introduction to Semiotics. (4). How humans and other animals communicate with each other by means of symbols and other signs. The symbols of everyday life, of movies and literature, of religion and society. Symbolic systems and symbolic evolution. (III)

99 Special Topics in Linguistics (4). Special topics at lower-division level. May be repeated for credit when topic varies.

UPPER-DIVISION

100 Grammatical Theory (4). Has both a phonology and a syntax component, and forms a bridge between lower-division course offerings and more advanced courses in phonology, syntax, and morphology. Emphasis on development of analytical skills, and evaluation of alternative proposals. Prerequisites: Linguistics 10 and 20.

101-109: COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS

102 Formal Languages and Automata (4). Formal aspects of describing and recognizing languages by grammars and automata. Parsing regular and context-free languages. Ambiguity, nondeterminism. Elements of computability; Turing machines, random access machines, undecidable problems, NP-completeness. Prerequisites: ICS 23/CSE23 and ICS 51 with grades of C or better; Mathematics 2A-B and Statistics 67/Mathematics 67; ICS 6D/Mathematics 6D; ICS 6B/Mathematics 6B; Mathematics 6G or 3A. Same as Computer Science 162.

109 Special Topics in Computational Linguistics (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topics vary.

110-119: PHONETICS / PHONOLOGY

111 Intermediate Phonology (4). Fundamentals of phonological theory. Intensive practice in phonological analysis. Prerequisite: Linguistics 100 or equivalent.

112 Advanced Phonology (4). Overview of recent developments in phonological theory. Prerequisite: Linguistics 111.

114 Current Topics in Phonological Theory (4). Phonology seminar. Intensive study of a small number of current topics in phonological theory. Prerequisite: Linguistics 112. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

119 Special Topics in Phonetics/Phonology (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

120-129: SYNTAX

121 Intermediate Syntax (4). Examination of syntactic phenomena and analysis, with emphasis on current issues in grammatical theory. Focus on the nature of syntactic rules, representations, and constraints as they determine empirical properties of language. Prerequisite: Linguistics 100 or equivalent.

122 Advanced Syntax (4). Intensive investigation of selected current topics in syntactic theory. Readings drawn from primary literature. Prerequisite: Linguistics 121.

124 Current Topics in Syntactic Theory (4). Research seminar in syntax. Intensive study of a small number of well-defined topics which have had significant impact on the development of syntactic theory. Prerequisite: Linguistics 122. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

129 Special Topics in Syntax (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

130-139: MORPHOLOGY

132 Morphology and the Lexicon (4). Study of the lexical representations of words; relation of the lexicon to phonology, morphology, and syntax, with special emphasis on recent theoretical developments. Prerequisite: Linguistics 10 or 20 or consent of instructor.

139 Special Topics in Morphology (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

140-149: SEMANTICS

140 Formal Foundations of Linguistics (4). Introduction to the fundamental concepts of logic, set theory, and automata theory, and their relation to linguistics. Prerequisite: at least one of the following: Linguistics 121 or 143, Philosophy 105B, Mathematics 150, ICS 162, or consent of instructor.

141 Topics in Philosophy of Language (4). Selected topics in the philosophy of language, e.g., the nature of meaning, mechanisms of reference, speech acts. May be repeated for credit as topics vary. Same as Philosophy 145 and Logic and Philosophy of Science 145. May be repeated for credit as topics vary.

143 Semantics (4). The role of semantics in an integrated linguistic theory. Examination of a truth theory for natural language and the role of logical form as the interface of syntax and semantics. Discussion of reference, predication, quantification, and intentionality. Readings drawn from linguistic and philosophical sources. Prerequisite: at least one of the following: Linguistics 100 or 140, Philosophy 105B, Mathematics 150, ICS 162, or consent of instructor.

149 Special Topics in Semantics (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

150-159: PSYCHOLINGUISTICS

150 Psychology of Language (4). Examines modern research in psycholinguistics. Focuses on theoretical issues and empirical findings in brain-language research, speech perception, speech production, sentence processing, lexical access, language acquisition, and reading development. Same as Psychology 156A.

154 Theories of Second Language Acquisition (4). Research in the acquisition and learning of second and foreign languages. The influence of language acquisition theory on past and current teaching methodology. A comparison of first and second language acquisition. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3. Recommended: Linguistics 51.

157 Psychology of Reading (4). Surveys the major components of skilled reading and the determinants of successful reading acquisition. Examination of contemporary models of skilled reading. Focuses on models of the development of reading. Research on the causes of developmental dyslexia. Prerequisites: Psychology 7A or 9A, B, C; Linguistics 150 or Psychology 140C; satisfactory completion of the lower-division writing requirement. Same as Psychology 143R.

158 Language and the Brain (4). Analysis of current research on the biological bases of human linguistic capacity. Development, focusing on hemispheric specialization and plasticity; localization of specific linguistic functions in adults, with emphasis on study of aphasias; relation of linguistic capacity to general cognitive capacity, considering research on retardation. Prerequisite: Biological Sciences 35 or N110, or consent of instructor. Same as Biological Sciences N160 and Psychology 161.

159 Special Topics in Psycholinguistics (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

160-169: LANGUAGE STUDIES

160 Language Typology (4). Cross-linguistic survey of major linguistic phenomena, especially as they pertain to word order, phrase structure, grammatical relations, anaphora, movement processes and constraints. Discussion of the relation between language universals and linguistic typology. Prerequisite: Linguistics 121.

163B The Structure of English (4). An examination of American English phonology, morphology, and syntax. Useful for prospective teachers of English in elementary and secondary schools and for teachers of English as a second language. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3. Same as English 181.

164A Topics in Romance Languages (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

164B French Phonetics (4). Study of the sound structure of French. Introduction to elements of general phonetics, contrastive (French/English) phonetics, and French phonetics and phonology. Designed to help students improve their pronunciation. Also serves as a preparatory course for language teaching. Prerequisite: French 2C or equivalent.

165A Linguistic Structure of Chinese (4). Introduction to the phonology and major syntactic patterns of Mandarin Chinese. Prerequisite: Chinese 2C or Linguistics 10 or 20. Same as East Asian Languages and Literatures 113.

165B Linguistic Structure of Japanese (4). Detailed analysis of essential grammatical aspects of Japanese. Comparison with aspects of English grammar. Course not designed to teach Japanese per se, but to study the grammatical characteristics of Japanese from the perspective of theoretical linguistics. Prerequisite: Linguistics 10 or 20. Same as East Asian Languages and Literatures 123.

165C Linguistic Structure of Korean (4). Introduction to essential grammatical aspects of the Korean language. Comparisons to other languages. Prerequisite: East Asian Languages and Literatures 2C or consent of instructor. Same as East Asian Languages and Literatures 133.

166B Indian Languages of the Americas (4). Survey of the native languages of North and/or South America, focusing on the range of sound systems, morphological processes, and syntactic structures exhibited by this diverse group of languages. Also considers the linguistic affiliations of the surveyed languages. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3.

168A Sociolinguistics (4). Examines descriptions and explanations of systematic patterns of language use in society, in particular how geographical and social factors give rise to a range of variations in a given language (dialects). Includes aspects of language change, language planning, language death. Prerequisites: Linguistics 3 and satisfactory completion of the lower-division writing requirement.

169 Special Topics in Language Studies (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

170-179: HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS

170 Historical Linguistics (4). Study of language change. Methods of historical analysis of language. Classification of languages and aspects of language change by internal reconstruction and the comparative method. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3. Recommended: Linguistics 10.

172 History of English (4). External (historical and social) and internal (linguistic) changes which have affected the English language from its Germanic roots to the present day. Prerequisite: Linguistics 3. Same as English 184.

179 Special Topics in Historical Linguistics (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

180-189: COGNITIVE SEMIOTICS

180 Introduction to Cognitive Semiotics (4). Symbols and their webs. The foundation course in cognitive semiotics, comprising an introduction both from the philosophical standpoint represented by Peirce and from the linguistic standpoint represented by Dalgarno and Saussure. Current cognitive developments are studied.

181 History of Semiotic Theory (4). The history of semiotic theory from Aristotle through the Greek and Roman Stoics and St. Augustine to Peirce and the present. The seventeenth-century obsession with the creation of a "universal and philosophical language" is treated. Prerequisite: Linguistics 180. A reading knowledge of Greek and/or Latin is very helpful.

182 Cognitive Iconics (4). The study of writing systems (alphabets, runes, Mayan and Egyptian hieroglyphics) and their evolution and modern changes introduced spontaneously through "mistakes," with a view toward exploring aspects of the human mind.

183 Semiotic Theory of Writing Systems (4). Ancient and modern writing systems, ranging from Sumerian pictographs through Egyptian and Mayan hieroglyphs to the Phoenician alphabet and its modern descendants (including our own). Distinctive traits of written language (what can be written that cannot be said?) and issues distinguishing hand-execution from eye-recognition. Prerequisite: Linguistics 10.

184 Foundations of Communication (4). The logical and semiotic foundations of communication and signification.

189 Special Topics in Cognitive Semiotics (4). Prerequisites vary. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

190-199: SPECIAL COURSES

197 Field Study (4). Prerequisite: consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

198 Directed Group Study (4). Prerequisite: consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit as topic varies.

199 Independent Study (4). Prerequisite: consent of instructor. May be repeated for credit as topic varies. Students may enroll for only one 199 each quarter.